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Swimming

Swimming is an integral part of almost all water-based activities. It is also a competitive sport itself.

People can swim in any body of water large enough to permit free movement. These areas include ponds, lakes, rivers, the ocean, and pools. Most people enjoy swimming in water that is between 18° and 29°C (64° and 84°F).

The act of moving through the water by using the arms, legs, and body in motions called strokes. Beginners first put their heads in the water and blow bubbles by exhaling. Gradually, students progress to floating, treading water, and ultimately, learning the techniques of the major strokes. The most common strokes are the crawl, backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly, and sidestroke. 

                           Safety Measures 

Swimmers must follow the instructions of lifeguards and obey posted information about water conditions, tides and other dangers.

For inexperienced recreational swimmers, many safety hazards exist-even in a pool. These hazards include misjudging a dive and hitting one's head on the bottom, holding one's breath too long and experiencing sudden cramps. 

In rivers and oceans, all swimmers should respect the power of nature. Powerful waves, tides, and currents can easily overpower even the most experienced swimmers, sweeping them out beyond safety or throwing them into coral or rocks.

                         Equipments for students

Inflatables Waterwings (worn around the upper arms) allow children to float easily.

Kickboards keeps their upper bodies afloat and allows them to concentrate on kicking correctly. 

Pull-buoys are foam floats that swimmers hold between their thighs to keep the lower body high and flat on the surface of water; using them, students can learn the arm and upper body movements of various strokes. 

Paddles are small, firm boards fitted over the hands; they force students to pull their arms through the water correctly. 

Fins worn on the feet allow swimmers to go faster and to develop proper body position and power.

 
Sport Diving

                 Springboard Diving and Platform Diving.

Basic dive has four distinct phases: the starting position, the take-off, the in-flight maneuvers, and the entry into the water.
 
Water depth is usually well marked in pools, but in natural bodies of water the depth is usually not indicated. To decide whether or not a location is safe for diving, anyone planning to dive should first check the depth of the water and make sure it is free from underwater obstructions. 

A diver first master simple skills such as feetfirst jumps before learning body positions, alignment, somersaults, and twists. 
 
Each dive begins from a starting position, and there are two basic types of starts: standing and running. 
 
For standing dives the diver stands on the edge of the platform or springboard with the body held straight, the head erect, and the arms straight. In front and reverse dives from the standing position, the diver looks forward out over the pool. In back and inward dives, the diver turns around to face the platform or springboard.
 
For running dives, the diver takes the starting position far enough back from the edge of the platform or tip of the springboard to take a few steps and build up forward momentum before take-off. 

The take-off is the portion of the dive prior to flight when the diver prepares to jump up and away from the platform or springboard.

The in-flight maneuvers define which dive the athlete is performing. During the passage through the air, a diver can hold his or her body in one of several positions. These positions are straight, pike, tuck, and free. 
 
In all positions the diver should hold the feet together and keep the toes pointed. A diver must be flexible enough to move in and out of these positions while completing twists and somersaults, and strong enough to hold the position while spinning rapidly.

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